The X.Org Foundation &reldate; These release notes contain information about features and their status in the X.Org Foundation X11R&relvers; release. Two of the early leaders of the X Window System community were lost to cancer this year — Smokey Wallace, who led the DEC WSL team which created the initial implementation of X11, and Hideki Hiura from Sun Microsystems who helped design the X11R6 internationalization framework. This release is dedicated to their memory. This release is the &whichfullrel; modular release of the X Window System. The next full release will be X11R&nextrelvers; and is expected in &nextfullreldate;. Unlike X11R1 through X11R6.9, X11R7.x releases are not built from one monolithic source tree, but many individual modules. These modules are distributed as individual source code releases, and each one is released when it is ready, instead of only when the overall window system is ready for release. The X11R7.x releases are made by “rolling up” the individual module releases into a collection that is often affectionately called the “katamari” by the developers. The X11R&relvers; release does not include all of the software formerly included in the previous X Window System releases. It is designed to be a reasonable baseline from which to start when building the window system for the first time for a new installation, distribution, or package set. It does not provide a full desktop environment, expecting a more feature rich set of applications to be installed from one of the several excellent desktop environments available for the X Window System. The X.Org developers continue to maintain and produce new releases of much of the software that was formerly in the main window system releases but is no longer included in the katamari releases, including many of the Athena Widgets desktop applications that were provided as samples in previous window system versions. Once their window system build is established, most builders watch for announcements of individual module updates on the xorg-announce mailing list and update to those as needed. The X.Org Foundation currently releases the X Window System katamari releases approximately once a year, but many modules, especially the X servers and drivers, are updated more frequently between those releases. For help with how to build and develop in the modular tree see the Modular Developer's Guide in the X.Org wiki. We encourage you to report bugs using freedesktop.org's bug tracking system using the xorg product, and to submit bug fixes and enhancements to xorg-devel@lists.x.org. More details on patch submission and review process are available on the SubmittingPatches page of the X.Org wiki. The release numbering is based on the original MIT X numbering system. X11 refers to the version of the network protocol that the X Window system is based on: Version 11 was first released in 1988 and has been stable for 22 years, with only upward compatible additions to the core X protocol, a record of stability envied in computing. Formal releases of X started with X version 9 from MIT; the first commercial X products were based on X version 10. The MIT X Consortium and its successors, the X Consortium, the Open Group X Project Team, and the X.Org Group released versions X11R3 through X11R6.6. Since the founding of the X.Org Foundation in early 2004, many further releases have been issued, from X11R6.7 to the current &relvers;. The next section describes what is new in the latest full release (&relvers;) compared with the previous full release (&prevrelvers;). This is a sampling of the new features in X11R&relvers;. A more complete list of changes can be found in the ChangeLog files that are part of the source of each X module. InputClass sections in Xorg configuration files are used to apply configuration options to any input device matching specified rules, such as device path, type of device, device manufacturer, or other data provided by the input hotplug backend. Details can be found in the INPUTCLASS section of the xorg.conf(5) manual page. Xorg configuration directories are used to allow fragments of the X server configuration to be delivered in individual files. For instance, the input device driver matching rules previously provided in HAL .fdi files are now provided as InputClass sections in .conf files in a xorg.conf.d directory. udev is now used by the X server on Linux systems for input device discovery and hot-plug notification. Other platforms continue to use the HAL framework for these tasks for now. X protocol C-language Binding (XCB) is now included in the katamari, and is required by several client-side modules, including libX11, xlsatoms, xlsclients and xwininfo. XCB is a replacement for Xlib featuring a small footprint, latency hiding, direct access to the protocol, improved threading support, and extensibility. More information can be found on the XCB website at . Major progress has been made on the X.Org Documentation modernization - most of the library and protocol specifications are now included in the modules for those libraries and protocols so they can be updated in sync with new versions, and many have been converted to DocBook XML from the variety of formats they were previously in. On most systems these documents will be installed under /usr/share/doc/. They are also posted on the X.Org website at . Video and input driver enhancements. Please see the ChangeLog files for individual drivers; there are far too many updates to list here. ... and the usual assortment of correctness and crash fixes. On most platforms, X11R&relvers; has a single hardware-driving X server binary called Xorg. This binary can dynamically load the video drivers, input drivers, and other modules that are needed. Xorg has currently has support for Linux, Solaris, and some BSD OSs on Alpha, PowerPC, IA-64, AMD64, Intel x86, Sparc, and MIPS platforms. Additional specialized X server binaries may be found depending on the platform and build configuration, including: Xdmx is a proxy X server that uses one or more other X servers as its display devices. It provides multi-head X functionality for displays that might be located on different machines. Xnest is a nested X server, that operates as both an X client and X server. Xnest is a client of the real server which manages windows and graphics requests on its behalf. Xnest is a server to its own clients, and manages windows and graphics requests on their behalf. To these clients, it appears to be a conventional server. Xephyr is a X server that outputs to a window on a pre-existing “host” X display. Unlike Xnest which is an X proxy, and thus limited to the capabilities of the host X server, Xephyr is a full X server which uses the host X server window as a “framebuffer” via fast SHM XImages. Xvfb is a virtual framebuffer X server that can run on machines with no display hardware and no physical input devices. It emulates a dumb framebuffer using virtual memory. Xquartz is an X server that interacts with the MacOS X native Aqua window system, displaying windows on the Mac desktop and accepting input from the Mac system devices, allowing X11 applications to be used in a native Mac desktop session. Xwin is an X server that runs under the Cygwin environment, interacting with the Microsoft Windows native window system, displaying windows on the Windows desktop and accepting input from the Windows system devices, allowing X11 applications to be used in a native Windows desktop session. X11R&relvers; includes the following video drivers: Driver Name Description Further Information apm Alliance Pro Motion README.apm ark Ark Logic   ast ASPEED Technology   chips Chips & Technologies README.chips, chips(4) cirrus Cirrus Logic   fbdev Linux framebuffer device fbdev(4) geode (*) AMD Geode GX and LX   glint 3Dlabs, TI glint(4) i128 Number Nine README.I128, i128(4) i740 Intel i740 README.i740 imstt Integrated Micro Solns   intel Intel i8xx/i9xx README.intel, intel(4) mach64 ATI Mach64 README.ati mga Matrox mga(4) neomagic NeoMagic neomagic(4) newport (-) SGI Newport README.newport, newport(4) nsc National Semiconductor nsc(4) nv NVIDIA nv(4) r128 ATI Rage128 README.r128, r128(4) radeon ATI Radeon radeon(4) rendition Rendition README.rendition, rendition(4) s3 S3 (not ViRGE or Savage)   s3virge S3 ViRGE README.s3virge, s3virge(4) savage S3 Savage savage(4) siliconmotion Silicon Motion siliconmotion(4) sis SiS README.SiS, sis(4) sisusb SiS USB sisusb(4) suncg14 (+) Sun cg14   suncg3 (+) Sun cg3   suncg6 (+) Sun GX and Turbo GX   sunffb (+) Sun Creator/3D, Elite 3D   sunleo (+) Sun Leo (ZX)   suntcx (+) Sun TCX   tdfx 3Dfx Voodoo Banshee, 3, 4 & 5 tdfx(4) tga DEC TGA README.DECtga trident Trident trident(4) tseng Tseng Labs   v4l Video4Linux v4l(4) vesa VESA vesa(4) vmware VMware guest OS vmware(4) voodoo 3Dfx Voodoo 1 & 2 voodoo(4) wsfb Workstation Framebuffer wsfb(4) xgi XGI xgi(4) xgixp XGI XP xgixp(4) Drivers marked with (*) are present in a preliminary form in this release, but are not complete and/or stable yet. Drivers marked with (+) are for Linux/Sparc only. Drivers marked with (-) are for Linux/mips only. X11R&relvers; includes the following input drivers: Driver Name Description Further Information acecad Acecad Flair acecad(4) aiptek(*) Aiptek USB tablet aiptek(4) evdev(*) Linux kernel EvDev evdev(4) joystick Joystick joystick(4) kbd generic keyboards (non-evdev systems) kbd(4) mouse most mouse devices (non-evdev systems) mousedrv(4) synaptics Synaptics & ALP touchpads synaptics(4) vmmouse VMWare virtual mouse vmmouse(4) void dummy device void(4) Drivers marked with (*) are available for Linux only. The Xorg server relies on the operating system's native module loader support for handling program modules. The X server makes use of modules for video drivers, X server extensions, input device drivers, framebuffer layers, and internal components used by some drivers (like XAA & EXA). The module interfaces (both API and ABI) used in this release are subject to change without notice. While we will attempt to provide backward compatibility for the module interfaces, we cannot guarantee this. Compatibility in the other direction is explicitly not guaranteed because new modules may rely on interfaces added in new releases. The X server runs with root privileges, i.e., the X server loadable modules also run with these privileges. For this reason we recommend that all users be careful to only use loadable modules from reliable sources, otherwise the introduction of viruses and contaminated code can occur and wreak havoc on your system. We hope to have a mechanism for signing/verifying the modules that we provide available in a future release. The Xorg server uses a configuration file as the primary mechanism for providing configuration and run-time parameters. The configuration file format is described in detail in the xorg.conf(5) manual page. Note that this release features significant improvements for running the server without a configuration file, so many users may find that that they don't need a configuration file. If you do need to customize the configuration file, see the xorg.conf manual page . You can also check the driver-specific manual pages and the related documentation (found at ) also. The recommended method for generating a configuration file is to use the Xorg server itself. Run as root: Xorg -configure and follow the instructions. Command line options can be used to override some default parameters and parameters provided in the configuration file. These command line options are described in the Xorg(1) manual page. Some multi-head configurations are supported in X11R&relvers;. Support for multiple PCI/AGP cards may require a kernel with changes to support VGA arbitration. One of the main problems is with drivers not sufficiently initializing cards that were not initialized at boot time. This has been improved somewhat with the INT10 support that is used by most drivers (which allows secondary card to be "soft-booted", but in some cases there are other issues that still need to be resolved. Some combinations can be made to work better by changing which card is the primary card (either by using a different PCI slot, or by changing the system BIOS's preference for the primary card). Xinerama is an X server extension that allows multiple physical screens connected to multiple video devices to behave as a single screen. With traditional multi-head in X11, windows cannot span or cross physical screens. Xinerama removes this limitation. Xinerama does, however, require that the physical screens all have the same root depth, so it isn't possible, for example, to use an 8-bit screen together with a 16-bit screen in Xinerama mode. Xinerama is not enabled by default, and can be enabled with the +xinerama command line option for the X server. Note that enabling Xinerama may disable certain other extensions which are not compatible with Xinerama. The VESA® Display Data Channel (DDC) standard allows the monitor to tell the video card (or in some cases the computer directly) about itself; particularly the supported screen resolutions and refresh rates. Partial or complete DDC support is available in most of the video drivers. DDC is enabled by default, but can be disabled with a "Device" section entry: Option "NoDDC". We have support for DDC versions 1 and 2; these can be disabled independently with Option "NoDDC1" and Option "NoDDC2". At startup the server prints out DDC information from the display, and can use this information to set the default monitor parameters, or to warn about monitor sync limits if those provided in the configuration file don't match those that are detected. Several drivers use DDC information to set the screen size and pitch. This can be overridden by explicitly resetting it to the and non-DDC default value 75 with the -dpi 75 command line option for the X server, or by specifying appropriate screen dimensions with the "DisplaySize" keyword in the "Monitor" section of the config file. Direct rendered OpenGL® support is provided for several hardware platforms by the Direct Rendering Infrastructure (DRI). Further information about DRI can be found at the DRI Project's web site. The 3D core rendering component is provided by Mesa. Of note is that this release supports building the X server using the system-wide libdrm. Previously, drm was kept in the server's tree and loaded as a module, rather than using the standard OS mechanisms for managing shared libraries of code. This requires that the server be built using a version of libdrm of 2.3.0 or newer if it is to use DRM. The Xorg server has previously allowed users to exit the server by pressing the keys Control + Alt + Backspace. While this function is still enabled by default in this release, the keymap data usually used with Xorg, from the xkeyboard-config project, has been modified to not map that sequence by default, in order to reduce the chance that inexperienced users will accidentally destroy their work. Users who wish to have this functionality available by default may enable it via the XKB configuration option “terminate:ctrl_alt_bksp”. For instance, the setxkbmap command can be used to enable this by running: setxkbmap -option "terminate:ctrl_alt_bksp" The XKB Configuration Guide also includes an example xorg.conf.d file that sets the “terminate:ctrl_alt_bksp” option by default on all keyboards. Many desktop environments include XKB configuration options in their preferences to enable this as well. The X servers in the X11R&relvers; release now start by default with an empty black screen and do not draw the mouse cursor until a client sets the cursor image. To restore the classic behavior of starting with the grey weave pattern and × cursor, start the X server with the -retro option. Details about the font support in X11R&relvers; can be found in the Fonts in X11R&relvers; document. Previous versions of X installed font files under the lib/X11/fonts subdirectory of the X installation directory (for instance, in X11R6 releases, /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts was commonly used). This release uses the default installation path of the fonts subdirectory of the datadir setting from the GNU autoconf configuration. For instance, if the fonts are configured with ./configure --prefix=/usr, they will be installed under subdirectories of /usr/share/fonts/X11. The font module configure scripts all take an option of --with-fontrootdir=PATH to override the default. If --with-fontrootdir is not specified, the fontutil pkg-config file will be consulted to find the fontrootdir specified when the fontutil module was installed. The X11R&relvers; release supports PCF format bitmap fonts stored uncompressed or compressed via the compress, gzip, or bzip2 programs. To utilize bzip2 compression, the libXfont and mkfontscale modules must be built with the --with-bzip2 — all other methods are enabled by default. To specify which compression method to use when installing a font module from X11R&relvers; the configure scripts accept an option of --with-compression=TYPE, where TYPE may be none, compress, gzip, or bzip2. Previous versions of X came with two Postscript Type1 font backends. The functionality from the “Type1” backend has been replaced by the Type1 support in the “FreeType” backend. The CID-keyed font format was designed by Adobe Systems for fonts with large character sets. The CID-keyed format is obsolete, as it has been superseded by other formats such as OpenType/CFF and support for CID-keyed fonts has been removed from X11. Most of the modules in this release use the AM_SILENT_RULES option of GNU automake 1.11. When building the software, most output will show an abbreviated format for the commands being run, such as: CC xmen.o To enable verbose output, showing all the arguments to the commands being run, add the flag V=1 to the make command line or add the flag --disable-silent-rules to the configure command. The bitmap font modules now accept a configure option of --disable-all-encodings to set the default for all encodings to off, requiring builders to then pass --enable-<encoding> flags for each encoding to be built. As many more modules now contain documentation to be converted from DocBook XML to text, HTML, PostScript, and/or PDF formats, new standard options have been added to the configure macros to control the build of these in the modules. --with-xmlto=yes|no Enables or disables use of the xmlto command to translate DocBook XML to other formats. All DocBook XML conversions require use of this command. --with-fop=yes|no Enables or disables use of the Apache fop command to translate DocBook XML to PostScript and PDF formats. --enable-docs=yes|no Enables or disables the build and installation of all documentation except traditional man pages or those covered by the --enable-devel-docs and --enable-specs options. --enable-devel-docs=yes|no Enables or disables the build and installation of documentation for developers of the X.Org software modules. --enable-specs=yes|no Enables or disables the build and installation of the formal specification documents for protocols and APIs. This section describes other items of note for the X11R&relvers; release. The socket directories created in /tmp are now required to be owned by root and have their sticky-bit set. If the permissions are not set correctly, the component using this directory will print an error message and fail to start. Common socket directories that are known to be affected include: /tmp/.font-unix /tmp/.ICE-unix /tmp/.X11-unix These directories are used by the font server (xfs), applications using the Inter-Client Exchange protocol (ICE) and the X server, respectively. There are several solutions to the problem of when to create these directories. They could be created at install time by the system's installer if the /tmp dir is persistent. They could be created at boot time by the system's boot scripts (e.g., the init.d scripts). Or, they could be created by PAM modules at service startup or user login time. The solution chosen is platform dependent, and the system administrator should be able to handle creating those directories on any systems that do not have the correct ownership or permissions. This section lists current plans for removal of obsolete or deprecated components in the X.Org releases. As our releases are open source, users who continue to require these can find the source in previous releases and continue to use these, but the X.Org Foundation and its volunteers have decided the burden of continued maintenance and distribution in the core X11 releases outweighs the benefits of doing so. In some cases, this is simply because no one has volunteered to do continued maintenance, so if software is listed here that you need, you can contact xorg@lists.freedesktop.org to volunteer to take over maintainership, either inside or outside of the Xorg release process. DGA version 2 DGA 2.0 is included in &relvers;. Documentation for the client libraries can be found in the XDGA(3) man page. DGA should be considered deprecated; if you are relying on it, please let us know what you need it for so we can find better solutions. In this release, support has been removed for all DGA rendering and mapping code, leaving just mode setting and raw input device access. Input device discovery via HAL The Xorg server currently uses the HAL framework to discover connected input devices, receive notification of hotplug events for them, and to retrieve configuration parameters for them. The HAL maintainers have deprecated HAL, so the X.Org developers have begun replacement with alternatives. As a result, configuration of input devices via HAL *.fdi files is no longer supported on Linux platforms using udev, and may not be supported on other platforms in future Xorg server releases. Xprint The Xprint server and extension were previously removed from X11R7.5. This release removes Xprint support from a number of client programs that still had it. Xsdl server The experimental Xsdl server has never been finished or maintained, and was removed in this release. Unmaintained extensions Support has been removed from the X servers for the following extensions, which were obsolete, not widely used, or not working: Multi-Buffering This section lists the credits for the X11R&relvers; release. For a more detailed breakdown, refer to the ChangeLog file in the source tree for each module, the history in the xorg product in freedesktop.org's git repositories or the 'git log' information for individual source files. The X Window System has been a collaborative effort from its inception. Our apologies for anyone or organization inadvertently overlooked. Many individuals (including major contributors) who worked on X are represented by their employers in this list. If you feel we have left anyone out, please let us know. These people contributed in some way to X11R&relvers; since the release of X11R&prevrelvers;: 邓逸昕 Aaron Plattner Aaron Zang Adam Jackson Adam Tkac Adrian 'Dagurashibanipal' von Bidder Adrian Bunk Alan Coopersmith Alberto Milone Alex Deucher Alex Warg Alexander Kabaev Alp Toker Andrej Gelenberg Andres Salomon Andrew Chant Andrew Randrianasulu Andrzej Hajda Andy Furniss Andy Ritger Antoine Latter Arkadiusz Miśkiewicz Arnaud Fontaine Auke Kok Bart Massey Bartek Iwaniec Bartosz Brachaczek Ben Byer Ben Hutchings Ben Skeggs Benjamin Close Benjamin Tissoires Bernhard R. Link Bob Ham Brian Paul Brice Goglin Bryce Harrington Carl Worth Carlos Garnacho Carsten Meier Cedric Cellier Chase Douglas Chris Bagwell Chris Ball Chris Dekter Chris Humbert Chris Wilson Christian Bühler Christian Hartmann Christian Zander Christoph Pfister Christopher James Halse Rogers Cody Maloney Colin Harrison Colin Watson Cooper Yuan Corbin Simpson Csillag Kristof Cyril Brulebois Dan Nicholson Daniel Drake Daniel Kahn Gillmor Daniel Stone Dave Airlie David Ge David James David Ronis David Woodhouse Diego 'Flameeyes' Pettenò Dima Kogan Dirk Wallenstein Dmitry Torokhov Dominik Jasiok Donnie Berkholz Eamon Walsh Ed Schouten Edward Moy Edward O'Callaghan Egbert Eich Eric Anholt Éric Piel Eric Sesterhenn Fabio Pedretti Fernando Carrijo Francisco Jerez Frank Huang Fredrik Höglund Gabor Z. Papp Gaetan Nadon Geoffrey Li Guillem Jover Hans Nieser Heikki Lindholm Henning Sten Henry Zhao Hiroyuki Ikezoe Horst Wente Hunk Cui Ian Osgood Ian Romanick Ingmar Vanhassel Jakob Bornecrantz James Cloos James Jones James Le Cuirot Jamey Sharp Jan Hauffa Jens Petersen Jeremy Huddleston Jeremy Kolb Jeroen Hoek Jerome Glisse Jesse Adkins Jesse Barnes Jim Ingram Jim Ramsay Joachim Breitner Jon TURNEY Josh Triplett Julien Cristau Julien Danjou Juliusz Chroboczek Justin Mattock Kalle Olavi Niemitalo Karl Tomlinson Kees Cook Keith Packard Kenneth Graunke Kevin E Martin Kevin Van Vechten Kim Woelders Kok, Auke Kristian Høgsberg Kusanagi Kouichi Lee Leahu Leif Middelschulte Leonardo Chiquitto Lubos Lunak Luc Verhaegen Luca Tettamanti Ma Ling Maarten Maathuis Macpaul Lin Magnus Kessler Marc Majka Marcin Baczyński Marcin Kościelnicki Marcin Slusarz Marek Olšák Mario Kleiner Mark Kettenis Marko Myllynen Markus Duft Markus Gapp Markus Strobl Mart Raudsepp Martin Ettl Martin Otte Martin Pärtel Martin-Éric Racine Márton Németh Matt Dew Matt Turner Matteo Delfino Matthias Hopf Matthieu Herrb Matthijs Kooijman Michael Cree Michael Jansen Michael Olbrich Michael Ost Michael Stapelberg Michael Vogt Michał Górny Michel Dänzer Mikhail Gusarov Nicolai Hähnle Nicolas Boullis Nicolas George Nicolas Reinecke Nigel Tamplin Nirbheek Chauhan Oldřich Jedlička Oliver McFadden Olivier Samyn Osamu Sayama Oswald Buddenhagen Otavio Salvador Owain G. Ainsworth Owen W. Taylor Patrick Caulfield Patrick Curran Patrick E. Kane Patrick Guimond Paul Bender Paul Loewenstein Paul "TBBle" Hampson Pauli Nieminen Paulo César Pereira de Andrade Paulo Ricardo Zanoni Peter Harris Peter Hutterer Peter Korsgaard Petr Salinger Philippe Ribet Pierre-Loup A. Griffais Rami Ylimäki Rémi Cardona Rémi Denis-Courmont Richard Barnette Richard Purdie Rob Taylor Robert Bragg Robert Hooker Robert Morell Roel Kluin Roland Scheidegger Ruediger Oertel Ryan Hajdaj Sam Lau Sami Farin Samuel Thibault Sascha Hlusiak Sedat Dilek Shunichi Fuji Simon Farnsworth Simon Thum Søren Sandmann Pedersen Thien-Thi Nguyen Thomas Coppi Thomas Hellstrom Thomas Hunger Thomas Jaeger Tiago Vignatti Tilman Sauerbeck Tim Yamin Timo Aaltonen Timo Myyra Tobias Droste Tobias Koch Tollef Fog Heen Tomas Carnecky Tomáš Chvátal Tormod Volden Trevor Woerner Ville Syrjälä Vincent Torri Walter Harms Will Thompson Wolfram Xavier Chantry Xiaoyang Yu (Max) Y.C. Chen Yaakov Selkowitz Yang Zhao Yann Droneaud Yannick Heneault Zephaniah E. Hull Zhao Yakui This product includes software developed by: 2d3d Inc. 3Dlabs Inc. Ltd. Aaron Plattner Adam de Boor Adam Jackson Adobe Systems Inc. Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. After X-TT Project AGE Logic Inc. Alan Coopersmith Alan Cox Alan Hourihane Alexander Gottwald Alex Deucher Alex Williamson Alexei Gilchrist Anders Carlsson Andreas Luik Andreas Monitzer Andreas Robinson Andrei Barbu Andrew C Aitchison Andrey A. Chernov Andy Ritger Angus Lees Ani Joshi Anton Zioviev Apollo Computer Inc. Apple Computer Inc. Apple Inc. Ares Software Corp. Arnaud LE HORS Arne Schwabe ASPEED Technology Inc. AT&T Inc. ATI Technologies Inc. Bart Massey Bart Trojanowski, Symbio Technologies, LLC BEAM Ltd. Benjamin Herrenschmidt Benjamin Rienfenstahl Ben Skeggs Beth Mardutho: The Syriac Institute Bigelow and Holmes Bill Reynolds Bitstream Inc. Bogdan Diaconescu Branden Robinson Brian Fundakowski Feldman Brian Goines Bogdan D. Brian Paul Bruce Kalk Bruno Haible Bryan Stine Bryan W. Headley. C. Scott Ananian Carl Switzky Catharon Productions Inc. Charles Murcko Chen Xiangyang Chisato Yamauchi Chris Constello Chris Salch Christian Thaeter Christian Zietz Cognition Corp. Compaq Computer Corporation Concurrent Computer Corporation Conectiva S.A. Corin Anderson Corvin Zahn. Cronyx Ltd. Craig Struble Daewoo Electronics Co. Ltd. Dag-Erling Smørgrav Dale Schumacher Damien Miller Daniel Berrange Daniel Borca Daniel Stone Daniver Limited Daryll Strauss Data General Corporation Dave Airlie David Bateman David Dawes David E. Wexelblat David Holland David J. McKay David McCullough David Mosberger-Tang David Reveman David S. Miller David Woodhouse Davor Matic Deron Johnson Digeo Inc. Dennis De Winter Digital Equipment Corporation Dirk Hohndel Dmitry Golubev Donnie Berkholz DOS-EMU-Development-Team Doug Anson Drew Parsons Earle F. Philhower III Edouard TISSERANT Eduard Fuchs Eduardo Horvath Egbert Eich Egmont Koblinger Elliot Lee Eric Anholt Eric Fortune Eric Sunshine Erik Fortune Erik Nygren Evans & Sutherland Computer Corp. Fabio Massimo Di Nitto Fabrizio Gennari Fedor P. Goncharov Felix Kühling Finn Thoegersen Francesco Zappa Nardelli Frank C. Earl Florian Loitsch Francisco Jerez Fred Hucht Frederic Lepied Fredrik Höglund Free Software Foundation Fujitsu Limited Fujitsu Open Systems Solutions Inc. Fuji Xerox Co. Ltd. Gaetan Nadon Gareth Hughes Geert Uytterhoeven George Fufutos George Sapountzis Gerrit Jan Akkerman Gerry Toll Ghozlane Toumi Glenn G. Lai GNOME Foundation Go Watanabe Google Summer of Code participants Greg Kroah-Hartman Gregory Mokhin Greg Parker GROUPE BULL Guillem Jover Guy Martin Hans Oey Harald Koenig Harm Hanemaayer Harold L Hunt II Harry Langenbacher Hartwig Felger Henry A. Worth Henry Davies Hewlett-Packard Company Hideki Hiura Hitachi Ltd. Holger Veit Hong Bo Peng Howard Greenwell Hummingbird Communications Ltd. Ian Romanick IBM Corporation Inst. of Software Academia Sinica Intel Corporation INTERACTIVE Systems Corporation Itai Nahshon Itronix Inc. Ivan Kokshaysky Ivan Pascal Jakub Jelinek James Tsillas Jamey Sharp Jason Bacon Jaymz Julian Jean-loup Gailly Jeff Hartmann Jeff Kirk Jeffrey Hsu Jehan Bing Jeremy C. Reed Jeremy Katz Jeremy Huddleston Jerome Glisse Jesse Barnes Jim Gettys Jim Tsillas Joerg Sonnenberger John Dennis John Harper John Heasley Jonathan Adamczewski Jon Block Jon Smirl Jon Tombs Jörg Bösner Jorge Delgado José Fonseca Josh Triplett Joseph Friedman Joseph P. Skudlarek Joseph V. Moss Julio M. Merino Vidal Juan Romero Pardines Juliusz Chroboczek Jyunji Takagi Kaleb Keithley Kazushi (Jam) Marukawa Kazuyuki (ikko-) Okamoto Kazutaka YOKOTA Kean Johnston Keith Packard Keith Whitwell Kensuke Matsuzaki Kevin E. Martin Kim woelders Kristian Høgsberg Larry Wall Lars Knoll Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory Leif Delgass Lennart Augustsson Leon Shiman Lexmark International Inc. Linus Torvalds Linuxcare Inc. Lorens Younes Luc Verhaegen Machine Vision Holdings Inc. Mandriva Linux Manfred Brands Manish Singh Marc Aurele La France Mark Adler Mark J. Kilgard Mark Kettenis Mark Leisher Mark Smulders Mark Vojkovich Martin Husemann Marvin Solomon Massachusetts Inst. Of Technology Matrox Graphics Matt Dew Matthew Grossman Matthias Hopf Matthias Ihmig Matthieu Herrb Metro Link Inc. Michal Rehacek Michael Bax Michael H. Schimek Michael P. Marking Michael Schimek Michael Smith Michel Dänzer Mike A. Harris Mike Harris Ming Yu MIPS Computer Systems Inc. MontaVista Software Inc. National Security Agency National Semiconductor NCR Corporation Inc. Neil Brown NetBSD Foundation Netscape Communications Corp. Network Computing Devices Inc. New Mexico State University Nicholas Joly Nicholas Miell Nicholas Wourms Nicolai Haehnle Noah Levitt Nolan Leake Nokia Corporation Nokia Home Communications Novell Inc. Nozomi YTOW NTT Software Corporation Number Nine Computer Corp. Number Nine Visual Technologies NVIDIA Corporation Oivier Danet Oki Technosystems Laboratory Inc. Olivetti Research Limited OMRON Corporation Open Software Foundation Open Text Corporation OpenedHand Ltd. Oracle Corp. Orest Zborowski Owen Taylor Pablo Saratxaga Panacea Inc. Panagiotis Tsirigotis Paolo Severini Pascal Haible Patrick Lecoanet Patrick Lerda Paul Anderson Paul Elliott Paul Mackerras Peter Breitenlohner Peter Hutterer Peter Kunzmann Peter Osterlund Peter Trattler Phil Karlton Philip Blundell Philip Homburg Philip Langdale Precision Insight Inc. Prentice Hall Quarterdeck Office Systems Radek Doulik Ralf Habacker Randy Hendry Ranier Keller Red Hat Inc. Regis Cridlig Rene Cougnenc Richard A. Hecker Richard Burdick Rich Murphey Rickard E. Faith Rik Faith Robert Chesler Robert Millan Robert V. Baron Robert W. Scheifler Robin Cutshaw Roland Mainz Roland Scheidegger Ronny Vindenes Russ Blaine Ryan Breen Ryan Lortie Ryan Underwood S. Lehner S3 Graphics Inc. Sam Leffler Santa Cruz Operation Inc. Sascha Hlusiak. SciTech Software Scott Laird Sebastien Marineau Serge Winitzki Sergey Vovk Shigehiro Nomura ShoGraphics Inc. Shunsuke Akiyama Silicon Graphics Computer Systems Silicon Graphics, Inc. Silicon Integrated Systems Corp Silicon Motion Inc. Simon P. Cooper Simon Thum Snitily Graphics Consulting Services Sony Corporation Søren Sandmann SRI Stanislav Brabec Stefan Bethge Stefan Dirsch Stefan Gmeiner Stephane Marchesin Stephan Lang Steven Lang Stuart Kreitman Sun Microsystems Inc. SunSoft Inc. SuSE Inc Sven Luther Takis Psarogiannakopoulos Takuma Murakami Takuya SHIOZAKI T. A. Phelps Tektronix Inc. Theo de Raadt Theodore Ts'o The Open Group The Unichrome Project The Weather Channel Inc. Thomas E. Dickey Thomas G. 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